The Bangladesh Penal Code, originally enacted in 1860 during the British colonial era, remains the primary criminal code of Bangladesh. This comprehensive legislation defines various criminal offenses and prescribes punishments for them. Despite its colonial origins, the Penal Code has undergone several amendments to adapt to the changing social and legal landscape of Bangladesh. The Code categorizes offenses into various types, including offenses against the state, offenses against public tranquility, offenses relating to religion, offenses against the human body, and offenses against property. It provides definitions and explanations of terms used throughout the Code, ensuring consistent interpretation. The Code prescribes various forms of punishment, including death penalty, imprisonment, and fines. It also provides for alternative punishments in certain cases. The Penal Code criminalizes not only the commission of offenses but also attempts to commit offenses and abetment of offenses. It outlines various general exceptions and defenses, such as mistake of fact, accident, infancy, insanity, and consent. Recent amendments to the Penal Code have addressed contemporary issues such as cybercrime, terrorism, and human trafficking. For instance, the Information and Communication Technology Act, 2006 (amended in 2013) introduced new offenses related to digital crimes. The Anti-Terrorism Act, 2009 (amended in 2012 and 2013) supplements the Penal Code in addressing terrorism-related offenses. Understanding the Bangladesh Penal Code is essential for legal professionals, law enforcement officers, and anyone interested in criminal law in Bangladesh.